St. Peter's Basilica
Basilica Sancti Petri
Basilica di San Pietro
papal basilica in the Vatican
Wikimedia Commons category: Saint Peter's Basilica
Wikipedia
English St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican (Italian: Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica (Latin: Basilica Sancti Petri), is a church built in the Renaissance style located in Vatican City, the papal enclave that is within the city of Rome.
Designed principally by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini, St. Peter's is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture and the largest church in the world. While it is neither the mother church of the Catholic Church nor the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome (these equivalent titles being held by the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome), St. Peter's is regarded as one of the holiest Catholic shrines. It has been described as "holding a unique position in the Christian world" and as "the greatest of all churches of Christendom".Catholic tradition holds that the basilica is the burial site of Saint Peter, chief among Jesus's apostles and also the first Bishop of Rome (Pope). Saint Peter's tomb is supposedly directly below the high altar of the basilica. For this reason, many popes have been interred at St. Peter's since the Early Christian period. A church has stood on this site since the time of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great. Old St. Peter's Basilica dates from the 4th century AD. Construction of the present basilica began on 18 April 1506 and was completed on 18 November 1626.St. Peter's is famous as a place of pilgrimage and for its liturgical functions. The pope presides at a number of liturgies throughout the year both within the basilica or the adjoining St. Peter's Square; these liturgies draw audiences numbering from 15,000 to over 80,000 people. St. Peter's has many historical associations, with the Early Christian Church, the Papacy, the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-reformation and numerous artists, especially Michelangelo. As a work of architecture, it is regarded as the greatest building of its age. St. Peter's is one of the four churches in the world that hold the rank of major basilica, all four of which are in Rome. Contrary to popular misconception, it is not a cathedral because it is not the seat of a bishop; the cathedra of the pope as Bishop of Rome is at Saint John Lateran.
Source: St. Peter's Basilica
German Petersdom
Die Basilika Sankt Peter im Vatikan (italienisch: San Pietro in Vaticano) in Rom, im deutschsprachigen Raum wegen ihrer Größe und Bedeutung gemeinhin meist Petersdom genannt (auch Basilica Sancti Petri in Vaticano, Petersbasilika, vatikanische Basilika oder Templum Vaticanum), ist die Memorialkirche des Apostels Simon Petrus. Sie ist auf dem Territorium des unabhängigen Staates der Vatikanstadt gelegen und eine der sieben Pilgerkirchen von Rom. Mit einer überbauten Fläche von 20.139 m² und einem Fassungsvermögen von 20.000 Menschen ist der Petersdom die größte der päpstlichen Basiliken und eine der größten und bedeutendsten Kirchen der Welt.Der Vorgängerbau der heutigen Petersbasilika, Alt-St. Peter, wurde um das Jahr 324 von Konstantin dem Großen über dem vermuteten Grab des hl. Petrus errichtet. Mit dem heutigen Bau wurde im Jahr 1506 begonnen, 1626 war er weitestgehend vollendet.Ab der Mitte des 5. Jahrhunderts war die Peterskirche auch die Patriarchalbasilika des Lateinischen Patriarchen von Konstantinopel. Nach der Auflösung des Patriarchats im Jahr 1964 wurde dieser Titel weitergeführt; 2006, als Papst Benedikt XVI. den Titel des Patriarchen des Abendlandes (oder des Westens) niederlegte, wurde er durch den einer Papstbasilika ersetzt.Seit dem Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts residieren die Päpste in direkter Nähe zum Petersdom. Er ist jedoch weder die Kathedrale des Bistums Rom noch der offiziell ranghöchste römisch-katholische Kirchenbau – beides ist seit alters her die Lateranbasilika.
Source: Petersdom
Polish Bazylika św. Piotra na Watykanie
Bazylika Świętego Piotra na Watykanie (wł. Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano, łac. Basilica Sancti Petri) – rzymskokatolicka bazylika na Wzgórzu Watykańskim, zbudowana w latach 1506–1626, na miejscu starszej bazyliki wczesnochrześcijańskiej, fundacji cesarza Konstantyna Wielkiego, jedna z czterech bazylik większych Rzymu oraz jedna z wielu bazylik papieskich (dawniej patriarchalnych), sanktuarium, jeden z najważniejszych ośrodków pielgrzymkowych.
Wedle tradycji bazylika stoi na miejscu pochówku św. Piotra, uznawanego przez katolików za pierwszego papieża – jego grób leży pod głównym ołtarzem. Świątynia jest nekropolią papieży, w tym świętych m.in. Leona Wielkiego, Leona III, Grzegorza Wielkiego, Piusa X, Jana XXIII i Jana Pawła II. Miejsce obrad dwóch ostatnich soborów Kościoła katolickiego – Watykańskiego I i Watykańskiego II.
Czołowe dzieło architektury renesansu i baroku, z bardzo bogatym wystrojem wnętrza, gdzie znalazły się również zabytki pochodzące z dawnej konstantyńskiej bazyliki zbudowanej w tym miejscu (m.in. brązowa figura św. Piotra Arnolfa di Cambio). W okresie nowożytnym swoje dzieła sztuki wykonali tu Michał Anioł (Pieta Watykańska), Gianlorenzo Bernini (m.in. ołtarz Świętego Piotra z baldachimem, Cathedra Petri, nagrobki papieży Aleksandra VII i Urbana VIII, figura św. Longinusa), Alessandro Algardi, Antonio Canova, Bertel Thorvaldsen.
Bazylika watykańska jest drugim co do wielkości kościołem na świecie (powierzchnia 23 000 m²; większą świątynią jest tylko bazylika Matki Bożej Królowej Pokoju w Jamusukro o powierzchni 30 000 m²) i jednym z najważniejszych świętych miejsc katolicyzmu. Usytuowana jest przy placu Świętego Piotra, do którego prowadzi z centrum Rzymu Via della Conciliazione.
Source: Bazylika św. Piotra na Watykanie
Russian Собор Святого Петра
Собор Святого Петра (лат. Basilica Sancti Petri, итал. Basilica di San Pietro; Базилика Святого Петра) — католический собор, центральное и наиболее крупное сооружение Ватикана, крупнейшая историческая христианская церковь в мире. Одна из четырёх патриарших базилик Рима и церемониальный центр Римско-католической церкви. Занимает первое место в списке семи паломнических базилик Рима. Над его созданием трудилось несколько поколений великих мастеров: Браманте, Рафаэль, Микеланджело, Бернини.
Вместимость — около 15 тысяч человек внутри собора и 60 тысяч человек на площади.
Source: Собор Святого Петра
Ukrainian Базиліка святого Петра
Базилі́ка свято́го Петра́ (лат. Basilica Sancti Petri; італ. Basilica di San Pietro) — католицька базиліка, найбільша споруда Ватикану та найбільша християнська церква у світі[а]. Входить у десятку найвищих церков світу, є однією із чотирьох патріарших базилік Рима та обрядовим центром Католицької церкви. Баня базиліки є одним із символів Рима. Будівництво тривало 120 років — перший камінь заклали 18 квітня 1506 року за Юлія II, а посвячення 1626 року здійснив папа Урбан VIII. Таким чином, спорудження, розпочате Юлієм II, тривало за правління ще дев'ятнадцяти пап римських[б]. Архітекторами храму були такі італійські митці як Донато Браманте, Рафаель Санті, Бальдазаре Перуцці, Антоніо да Сангалло, Мікеланджело, Джакомо да Віньола, Джакомо делла Порта, Карло Мадерно, Лоренцо Берніні та інші. Також — Собор святого Петра (лат. Cathedralis Sancti Petri), Ватика́нська бази́ліка (лат. Basilica Vaticana), бази́ліка (лат. Basilica).
Source: Базиліка святого Петра
cs Bazilika svatého Petra
Bazilika sv. Petra ve Vatikánu (italsky basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, také Svatopetrský dóm nebo Vatikánská bazilika) je jedna ze čtyř římských papežských (do roku 2008 patriarchálních) či velkých bazilik a jeden z největších kostelů na světě.
Source: Bazilika svatého Petra
Spanish Basílica de San Pedro
La basílica papal de San Pedro (en latín, Basilica Sancti Petri; en italiano, Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), conocida comúnmente como basílica de San Pedro, es un templo católico situado en la Ciudad del Vaticano.
La basílica cuenta con el mayor espacio interior de una iglesia cristiana en el mundo,[2] presenta 193 m de longitud, 44,5 m de altura, y abarca una superficie de 2,3 hectáreas. La altura que le confiere su cúpula hace que su figura domine el horizonte de Roma. Es considerada como uno de los lugares más sagrados del catolicismo. Se ha descrito como «ocupante de una posición única en el mundo cristiano»,[3] y como «la más grande de todas las iglesias de la cristiandad».[4] Es una de las cuatro basílicas mayores y una de las iglesias que se deben visitar en el peregrinaje de las siete iglesias de Roma para alcanzar la indulgencia plenaria.
En la tradición católica, la basílica se encuentra situada sobre el lugar de entierro de san Pedro, que fue uno de los doce apóstoles de Jesús de Nazaret, primer obispo de Antioquía, primer obispo de Roma y, por lo tanto, el primero de los pontífices. La tradición y las evidencias históricas y científicas sostienen que la sepultura del Santo está directamente debajo del altar mayor de la basílica. También la mayoría de los papas han sido enterrados en San Pedro desde la época paleocristiana.[5]
En el sitio de la basílica han existido iglesias desde el siglo IV. La construcción del actual edificio, sobre la antigua basílica constantiniana, comenzó el 18 de abril de 1506, por orden del papa Julio II, y finalizó el 18 de noviembre de 1626.[6]
En ella trabajaron algunos de los arquitectos más renombrados de la historia, como Donato Bramante, Miguel Ángel o Bernini.
A pesar de la creencia popular, San Pedro no es una catedral, ya que la archibasílica de San Juan de Letrán es la verdadera catedral de Roma.[7]
Source: Basílica de San Pedro
French Basilique Saint-Pierre
La basilique Saint-Pierre (en latin : Sancti Petri et en italien : San Pietro in Vaticano) est l'édifice religieux le plus important du catholicisme. Elle est située au Vatican, sur la rive droite du Tibre, et sa façade architecturale s'ouvre sur la place Saint-Pierre.
Elle a été construite là où, selon la volonté de l'empereur Constantin Ier, les premiers pèlerins venaient rendre un culte à saint Pierre à l'emplacement du cirque de Caligula et de Néron.
Inscrite à la liste du patrimoine mondial, établie par l'UNESCO, la basilique Saint-Pierre est considérée comme la plus grande conception architecturale de son temps et demeure l'un des monuments les plus visités au monde. Sa construction, à l'emplacement de l'antique basilique vaticane construite sous l'empereur Constantin Ier, commence le 18 avril 1506 et est achevée en 1626. Ses architectes les plus importants sont Bramante, Michel-Ange, Maderno et Le Bernin.
La basilique Saint-Pierre est un important lieu de pèlerinage qui rassemble sur sa place au minimum 150 000 catholiques chaque dimanche pour l'angélus pontifical. Ce n'est pas la cathédrale du diocèse de Rome, puisque l'évêque de la ville siège à Saint-Jean-de-Latran, mais c'est l'église du pape et de l'État pontifical. Elle est également l'une des deux églises paroissiales de la cité du Vatican (l'autre étant l'église Sainte-Anne-des-Palefreniers). Bien que le Nouveau Testament ne mentionne pas la présence de l'apôtre Pierre, premier chef de l'Église chrétienne à Rome ou son martyre dans cette ville, la tradition catholique immémoriale indique que la tombe de saint Pierre est située sous le maître-autel, au centre de l'église, sous le baldaquin baroque.
La basilique Saint-Pierre est la deuxième des quatre basiliques majeures de Rome, après Saint-Jean-de-Latran, avant Sainte-Marie-Majeure et Saint-Paul-hors-les-Murs.
Avec une superficie de 2,3 ha et une capacité de plus de 60 000 personnes, elle est l'église catholique la plus grande au monde. Elle est aussi un des lieux les plus saints du christianisme, puisqu'elle abrite la sépulture de saint Pierre qui, selon la tradition catholique, fut le premier évêque d'Antioche et de Rome, donc le premier pape.
Source: Basilique Saint-Pierre
Italian Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano
La basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, ufficialmente papale arcibasilica maggiore di San Pietro in Vaticano, è una basilica cattolica della Città del Vaticano; simbolo dello Stato del Vaticano, cui fa da coronamento la monumentale piazza San Pietro.
È la più grande delle quattro basiliche papali di Roma, spesso descritta come la più grande chiesa del mondo e centro del cattolicesimo. Non è tuttavia la chiesa cattedrale della diocesi romana poiché tale titolo spetta alla basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, che è anche la prima per dignità essendo Madre e Capo di tutte le Chiese dell'Urbe e del Mondo.
In quanto Cappella pontificia, posta in adiacenza del Palazzo Apostolico, la basilica di San Pietro è la sede delle principali manifestazioni del culto cattolico ed è perciò in solenne funzione in occasione delle celebrazioni papali, ad esempio per il Natale, la Pasqua, i riti della Settimana Santa, la proclamazione dei nuovi papi e le esequie di quelli defunti, l'apertura e la chiusura dei giubilei e le canonizzazioni dei nuovi Santi.
Sotto il pontificato di Pio IX ospitò le sedute del Concilio Vaticano I e sotto papa Giovanni XXIII e Paolo VI quelle del Concilio Vaticano II.
Japanese サン・ピエトロ大聖堂
サン・ピエトロ大聖堂（サンピエトロだいせいどう、イタリア語：Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano）は、バチカン市国南東端にあるカトリック教会の総本山。サン・ピエトロは「聖ペテロ」の意で、キリスト教の使徒聖ペテロのイタリア語であるサン・ピエトロに由来する。セントピーター寺院、聖ペテロ大聖堂などと表記されることもある。
カトリック教会の伝承によれば、サン・ピエトロ大聖堂はもともと使徒ペトロの墓所を祀る聖堂とされ、キリスト教の教会建築としては世界最大級の大きさを誇る。床面積2万3,000m2。北に隣接してローマ教皇の住むバチカン宮殿、バチカン美術館などがあり、国全体が『バチカン市国』としてユネスコの世界遺産（文化遺産）に登録されている。
Source: サン・ピエトロ大聖堂
pt Basílica de São Pedro
A Basílica de São Pedro (em latim: Basilica Sancti Petri, em italiano Basilica di San Pietro) é uma basílica no Estado do Vaticano. Trata-se do maior e mais importante edifício religioso do catolicismo e um dos locais cristãos mais visitados do mundo. Cobre uma área de 23 000 m² ou 2,3 hectares (5,7 acres) e pode albergar mais de 60 mil devotos (mais de cem vezes a população do Vaticano). É o edifício com o interior mais proeminente do Vaticano, sendo a sua cúpula uma característica dominante do horizonte de Roma, adornado com 340 estátuas de santos, mártires e anjos. Situada na Praça de São Pedro, a sua construção recebeu contribuições de alguns dos maiores artistas da história da humanidade, tais como Bramante, Michelângelo, Rafael e Bernini.
Especificamente classificada pela UNESCO, catalogada e preservada como Património Mundial da Humanidade, a Basílica de São Pedro foi considerada o maior projecto arquitectónico da sua época e continua a ser um dos monumentos mais visitados e celebrados do mundo. Foi provado que sob o altar da basílica está enterrado São Pedro (de onde provém o nome da basílica) um dos doze apóstolos de Jesus e o primeiro Papa e, portanto, o primeiro na linha da sucessão papal. Por esta razão, muitos Papas, começando com os primeiros, têm sido enterrados neste local. Sempre existiu um templo dedicado a São Pedro em seu túmulo, inicialmente extremamente simples, com o passar do tempo, os devotos foram aumentando o santuário, culminando na atual basílica. A construção do atual edifício, no local da antiga basílica erguida pelo imperador Constantino, começou em 18 de abril de 1506 e foi concluída em 18 de novembro de 1626, sendo consagrada imediatamente pelo Papa Urbano VIII. A basílica é um famoso local de peregrinação, pelas suas funções litúrgicas e associações históricas e uma das sete igrejas de peregrinação de Roma.
A Basílica de São Pedro é uma das quatro basílicas patriarcais de Roma, sendo as outras a Arquibasílica de São João de Latrão, Santa Maria Maior e São Paulo Extramuros. Contrariamente à crença popular, São Pedro não é uma catedral, uma vez que não é a sede de um bispo. Embora a Basílica de São Pedro não seja a sede oficial do Papado (que fica na Arquibasílica de São João de Latrão), certamente é a principal igreja que conta com a participação do Papa, pois a maioria das cerimónias papais são lá realizadas devido às suas dimensões, à proximidade com a residência do Papa e a localização privilegiada no Vaticano.
Source: Basílica de São Pedro
zh 聖伯多祿大殿
聖伯多祿大殿（拉丁語：Basilica Sancti Petri；義大利語：Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano；俗譯聖彼得大教堂）是位於梵蒂岡的天主教宗座聖殿，建於1506年至1626年，為天主教會重要的象徵之一。作為最傑出的文艺复兴建筑和世界上最大的教堂，其佔地23,000平方米，可容納超過六萬人，教堂中央是直徑42米的穹窿，頂高約138米，前方則為聖伯多祿廣場與協和大道。雖然並不是所有天主教教堂的“母堂”、亦非羅馬主教（教宗）的主教座堂，聖伯多祿大殿仍被視為是天主教會最神聖的地點。
義大利文藝復興時期的多位建築師與藝術家多納托·伯拉孟特、拉斐爾、米開朗基羅和小安东尼奥·达·桑加罗等都曾參與聖伯多祿大殿的設計。聖伯多祿廣場的設計人是吉安·洛倫佐·貝尼尼。堂內保存有歐洲文藝復興時期許多藝術家如米開朗基羅、拉斐爾等的壁畫與雕刻。
根據天主教會聖傳，聖伯多祿大殿是宗徒之長聖伯多祿的安葬地點，歷任教宗也大都安葬於此。
聖伯多祿大殿由於其禮儀作用，是著名的天主教朝聖地點之一。教宗每年會在此舉行多個儀式，包括聖殿內外的人數，每次約有一萬五千人到八萬人參與。聖伯多祿大殿與基督教歷史上許多事件都有很強的關聯，包括早期教會、教宗國建立、宗教改革、反宗教改革等等。
Source: 聖伯多祿大殿
Wikivoyage
English St. Peter's Basilica (Basilica di San Pietro)
The center of the Catholic world, this magnificent basilica with its Michelangelo-designed dome has an awe-inspiring interior. This place is huge, but everything is in such proportion that the scale escapes you. Construction of the basilica began in 1506 and it was not completed until the end of 1626. Thus it spans two architectural periods. The overall design by Bramante and Michelangelo is Late Renaissance but the façade designed by Maderno and the interior, which owes much to Bernini, are both Baroque in style. The interior is lavishly decorated and contains a large number of tombs of popes and others. There are also several sculptures in side chapels, including Michelangelo's Pietà.To get in, you will first go through a metal detector (after all, this is an important building). Don't be put off if there is a long line in front of the detectors; the whole thing moves quickly. The line is usually shorter in the morning and during mid-week. A strict dress code is enforced, so have shoulders covered, wear trousers or a not-too-short dress, and take your hats off. Women must wear scarves or something to cover their heads. You might be required to check your bags at the entrance. Photos are allowed to be taken inside, but not with a flash. Visits to the basilica are still possible while Mass is in progress.
English Basilica Sancti Petri (St. Peter's Basilica)
Russian Собор Святого Петра
Церемониальный центр Римско-католической церкви. В храме находится одно из величайших творений Микеланджело — Пьета (оплакивание)
Italian Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano
È probabilmente la chiesa più famosa di Roma e l'edificio più alto della città. La cupola è un capolavoro di Michelangelo. Molti altri capolavori sono contenuti all'interno, tra cui la Pietà dello stesso Michelangelo.
:Contiene quella che è considerata la tomba di san Pietro, di molti santi e papi.
:Dalla loggia di san Pietro viene annunciata l'avvenuta elezione del nuovo pontefice.
:Piazza San Pietro, la piazza antistante è racchiusa dal colonnato di Gian Lorenzo Bernini.
Italian Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica Vaticana)
Basilica papale o maggiore
Italian Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica Vaticana)
Contiene all'interno tra le molte opere anche la statua Pietà di Michelangelo.
Places located in St. Peter's Basilica
Pietà
The Pietà (Italian: [pjeˈta]; English: "The Piety"; 1498–1499) is a work of Renaissance sculpture by Michelangelo Buonarroti, housed in St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City. It is the first of a number of works of the same theme by the artist. The statue was commissioned for the French Cardinal Jean de Bilhères, who was a representative in Rome. The sculpture, in Carrara marble, was made for the cardinal's funeral monument, but was moved to its current location, the first chapel on the north side of the entrance of the basilica, in the 18th century. It is the only piece Michelangelo ever signed. It is also the only known sculpture created by a prominent name from the Renaissance era that was installed in St. Peter's Basilica that was accepted by the Chapter of St. Peter. This famous work of art depicts the body of Jesus on the lap of his mother Mary after the Crucifixion. The theme is of Northern origin. Michelangelo's interpretation of the Pietà is unprecedented in Italian sculpture. It is an important work as it balances the Renaissance ideals of classical beauty with naturalism.
In 2019, a small terracotta figure identified as a model for the final sculpture was displayed in Paris.
Chair of Saint Peter
The Chair of Saint Peter (Latin: Cathedra Petri), also known as the Throne of Saint Peter, is a relic conserved in St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the sovereign enclave of the Pope inside Rome, Italy. The relic is a wooden throne that tradition claims the Apostle Saint Peter, the leader of the Early Christians in Rome and first Pope, used as Bishop of Rome. The relic is enclosed in a sculpted gilt bronze casing designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini and executed between 1647 and 1653. In 2012, Pope Benedict XVI described the chair as "a symbol of the special mission of Peter and his Successors to tend Christ’s flock, keeping it united in faith and in charity."The wooden throne was a gift from Holy Roman Emperor Charles the Bald to Pope John VIII in 875. It has been studied many times over the years, the last being from 1968 to 1974, when it was last removed from the Bernini altar. That study concluded that it was not a double, but rather a single, chair with a covering and that no part of the chair dated earlier than the sixth century.
Vatican Necropolis
The Vatican Necropolis lies under the Vatican City, at depths varying between 5–12 metres below Saint Peter's Basilica. The Vatican sponsored archeological excavations (also known by their Italian name scavi) under Saint Peter's in the years 1940–1949 which revealed parts of a necropolis dating to Imperial times. The work was undertaken at the request of Pope Pius XI who wished to be buried as close as possible to Peter the Apostle. It is also home to the Tomb of the Julii, which has been dated to the third or fourth century. The necropolis was not originally one of the Catacombs of Rome, but an open air cemetery with tombs and mausolea.
The Vatican Necropolis is not to be confused with the Vatican grottoes, the latter of which resulted from the construction of St. Peter's Church and is located on the ground level of the old Constantinian basilica.
Old St. Peter's Basilica
Old St. Peter's Basilica was the building that stood, from the 4th to 16th centuries, where the new St. Peter's Basilica stands today in Vatican City. Construction of the basilica, built over the historical site of the Circus of Nero, began during the reign of Emperor Constantine I. The name "old St. Peter's Basilica" has been used since the construction of the current basilica to distinguish the two buildings.
Saint Longinus
Saint Longinus is a sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Completed in 1638, the marble sculpture sits in the north-eastern niche in the crossing of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. It is over four meters high. An early spectator of the statue, the English diarist John Evelyn, called it a work of "Colossean magnitude".
St. Peter's Baldacchino
St. Peter's Baldachin (Italian: Baldacchino di San Pietro, L'Altare di Bernini) is a large Baroque sculpted bronze canopy, technically called a ciborium or baldachin, over the high altar of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the city-state and papal enclave surrounded by Rome, Italy. The baldachin is at the center of the crossing, and directly under the dome of the basilica. Designed by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, it was intended to mark, in a monumental way, the place of Saint Peter's tomb underneath. Under its canopy is the high altar of the basilica. Commissioned by Pope Urban VIII, the work began in 1623 and ended in 1634. The baldachin acts as a visual focus within the basilica; it is itself a very large structure and forms a visual mediation between the enormous scale of the building and the human scale of the people officiating at the religious ceremonies at the papal altar beneath its canopy.
Equestrian statue of Charlemagne
The Equestrian statue of Charlemagne (1725), which portrays the Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne (742–814), was commissioned by Pope Clement XI (1649–1721) and carved by the Italian artist Agostino Cornacchini (1686–1754). It stands to the left of the portico of St Peter's Basilica.
Tomb of Pope Alexander VII
The Tomb of Pope Alexander VII is a sculptural monument designed and partially executed by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It is located in the south transept of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City. The piece was commissioned by Pope Alexander VII himself. However, construction of the monument didn't start until 1671 and was completed in 1678, eleven years after the Pope's death. At the age of 81, this would be Bernini's last major sculptural commission before his death in 1680.
Saint Peter's tomb
Saint Peter's tomb is a site under St. Peter's Basilica that includes several graves and a structure said by Vatican authorities to have been built to memorialize the location of Saint Peter's grave. St. Peter's tomb is near the west end of a complex of mausoleums that date between about AD 130 and AD 300. The complex was partially torn down and filled with earth to provide a foundation for the building of the first St. Peter's Basilica during the reign of Constantine I in about AD 330. Though many bones have been found at the site of the 2nd-century shrine, as the result of two campaigns of archaeological excavation, Pope Pius XII stated in December 1950 that none could be confirmed to be Saint Peter's with absolute certainty. Following the discovery of bones that had been transferred from a second tomb under the monument, on June 26, 1968, Pope Paul VI said that the relics of Saint Peter had been identified in a manner considered convincing.The grave lies at the foot of the aedicula beneath the floor. The remains of four individuals and several farm animals were found in this grave. In 1953, after the initial archeological efforts had been completed, another set of bones were found that were said to have been removed without the archeologists' knowledge from a niche (loculus) in the north side of a wall (the graffiti wall) that abuts the red wall on the right of the aedicula. Subsequent testing indicated that these were the bones of a 60- to 70-year-old man. Margherita Guarducci argued that these were the remains of Saint Peter and that they had been moved into a niche in the graffiti wall from the grave under the aedicula "at the time of Constantine, after the peace of the church" (313). Antonio Ferrua, the archaeologist who headed the excavation that uncovered what is known as Saint Peter's Tomb, said that he was not convinced that the bones that were found were those of Saint Peter.
Referenced from
| named after | Saint Peter's Square |
| part of | Vatican Grotto |
- Q12512
- Wikipedia (English)
- http://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/san_pietro/index_it.htm
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| Inception | 28/4/1506 |
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Nearby
| circus of Nero | 95 m |
| Counter-Reformation | 96 m |
| The Last Judgment | 100 m |
| St Stephen of the Abyssinians | 101 m |
| Fountain | 113 m |
| Cappella Paolina | 126 m |
| Sistine Chapel | 134 m |
